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People often wonder what anxiety is and how do I know if I need support with it? In this article, we explain what anxiety is and how it might show up 

Anxiety is a regular human emotion. Each of us is a person in process—dynamic, changing, and adapting—not a static problem to solve. Our experiences, values, and relationships matter deeply, and our wellbeing is closely tied to our connection and empowerment. 

Anxiety is something we all experience from time to time, especially during stress, uncertainty, or change. It’s part of our body’s natural response to perceived threats, helping us stay alert, focused, and safe. Strategies that help us regulate and channel this response allow anxiety to serve its original purpose— to protect ourselves and others and prepare for challenges —without overwhelming us.   

The stressors that trigger anxiety can vary from person to person and even change at different stages of life. In most cases, anxiety fades as the stressor resolves or as we adapt to the situation. 

Anxiety is something we all experience from time to time, especially during stress, uncertainty, or change. It’s part of our body’s natural response to perceived threats, helping us stay alert, focused, and safe.

How do I know if I have an anxiety disorder? 

But sometimes, anxiety doesn’t just pass. It can become overwhelming, persistent, and start interfering with daily life. Over time, this may develop into an unhelpful pattern or a collection of symptoms that could be defined as an anxiety disorder—something more than everyday stress. 

What’s the difference between regular and problematic anxiety?   

Regular anxiety is temporary and proportionate. It’s usually mild or matched to the situation and fades once the stressful situation is resolved. 

Problematic anxiety sticks around. It can last for months or even years, and it’s often more intense. It can stop people from doing everyday things, maintaining relationships, or enjoying life.   

In New Zealand, anxiety disorders affect around 15% of people each year, and about 1 in 4 people will experience one at some point in their lives.   

What does anxiety feel like?   

Anxiety can show up in different ways—physically, emotionally, and mentally and our behaviours. Here are some common symptoms:   

Cognitive symptoms   

These are the thoughts that come with anxiety. You might:   

Imagine worst-case scenarios   

Feel like everything must be perfect   

Persistent thoughts 

Overgeneralizing 

These thoughts often lead to feelings that can impact our behaviours. 

Emotional symptoms   

You might feel:   

Fear 

Sadness 

Distress 

Anger 

Dread or panic   

Nervousness or restlessness   

Guilt and self-judgment  

Irritability or agitation  

Difficulty concentrating  

Behavioural symptoms   

Anxiety can affect what you do. You might:   

Avoid certain situations   

Put things off   

Stop doing things you used to enjoy   

Seek reassurance 

Use safety behaviours  (e.g. scrolling climate news or making drastic lifestyle shifts) 

Physical symptoms   

Your body might react with:   

Fast, shallow breathing 

A racing heart   

Sweating or shaking   

Feeling nauseous   

Muscle tension   

These symptoms are part of our natural stress response. This response is designed to help us react when we sense a threat—whether real or perceived—that could harm us or those around us physically, socially or otherwise. In the short-term, anxiety can be helpful, as it motivates us to stay safe and helps us respond through fight or flight reactions, or other protective behaviours.  

However, sometimes the stress response is triggered at an unhelpful time, in an unhelpful way, or for too long. 

If anxiety symptoms cause distress, don’t seem to match the situation, interfere with your goals, or persist over time, it may be a sign to reach out for support. 

Need help now?   

If you’re struggling with anxiety or just want to talk to someone, Anxiety NZ offers a free 24/7 helpline.   
Call 0800 ANXIETY (0800 269 438)   
We’re here for you—any time, any day.   

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Want to strengthen your own wellbeing, support someone who needs help, or build resilience to navigate life’s challenges? Steady in Uncertain Times is a free micro course designed for anyone experiencing anxiety related to climate change or weather events —and for anyone who wants to build their resilience. 

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